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Security & Scams

Ransomware basics: prevention and what to do if it hits

What ransomware is, how small businesses can lower the risk, and the first steps to take if files are locked or a ransom note appears.

Updated

Quick fix

Prevent it with updates, MFA, careful email habits and backups that ransomware can’t reach. If it hits, disconnect affected computers from the network, don’t turn them off, and call your IT team before doing anything else.

Step by step

  1. Prevent

    Keep systems updated, turn on MFA, train staff to spot phishing and keep protected backups.

  2. If you see a ransom note

    Disconnect the computer from the network (unplug the cable and turn off Wi-Fi). Leave it powered on unless your IT team says otherwise; it may hold evidence.

  3. Don’t use the computer

    Don’t try to delete files or run cleanup tools on your own.

  4. Call your IT team

    Tell them what you saw and when. Take a photo of the screen.

  5. Report it

    Report the incident to the FBI at ic3.gov. If you have cyber insurance, contact your insurer early.

  6. Restore from clean backups

    Your IT team will make sure the threat is gone before restoring.

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